If today’s stock market is indeed a new bull, its vital signs advise that it is more in need of a coffin than a cradle. Monetary policies, both in terms of rate hikes and the inverted curve, have never been more hostile at this stage of a major stock market upswing.

The active/passive performance derby experienced a severe case of whiplash the last three months. Through the end of the first quarter, market conditions were advantageous for active managers, now the second quarter has revealed a massive shift in favor of passive styles.

Many investors appreciate the benefit of covered-call strategies, but we wonder how many truly understand the opportunity costs of buy-write funds over time—or under differing conditions. On the surface, these approaches are simple, but they have complicated payoff patterns relative to stock and bond funds.

Q2-23 reporting is about halfway complete for firms in the S&P 500. Bottom-up operating EPS estimates for Q2 are once again sliding lower as we wade farther into earnings season. This attrition is not uncommon but it is certainly a break from Q1 announcements, where EPS estimates rose 5% over the course of reporting. Q1’s action was a bullish talking point for many who touted the end of higher-than-normal erosion in forward EPS estimates over the past year. Since peaking in April 2022 at $61.56, Q2’s EPS estimate has shrunk nearly 17% (Chart 1).

Read this week's Major Trend.

Read this week's Major Trend.  

After years of wandering in the wilderness, Japanese stocks are leading the world’s developed markets higher in what has been a robust opening half of the year. The table shows Japan leading the world’s ten largest developed markets (as measured by the MSCI family of international indexes) with a 24% local currency return through June, easily outpacing the pack. Even as the MSCI USA index gained 17% by successfully “fighting the Fed” this year, Japan surged another 7% beyond that outstanding result.  We were curious to understand the nature of Japan’s spectacular run in 2023, looking to identify the drivers of this strong and relatively quick jump higher.

Read this week's Major Trend.

Latest numbers are below expectations. Various leading indicators point to softer CPI prints ahead. The prevailing soft-landing narrative underestimates the chances of inflation staying higher than what is acceptable to the Fed.

Read this week's Major Trend.

Despite this year’s massive underperformance by the Equal Weighted S&P 500, the median stock doesn’t appear substantially more attractive than the cap-weighted index. Three of five valuation measures are now back in the top decile of readings, which we’d consider pricey in any monetary or economic backdrop.

With leading economic measures still trending down, optimists who advocated against fighting the Fed during the free-money era have ditched their own advice. Their focus is now on lagging indicators, like the employment numbers—but that last bastion of strength seems ready to buckle.

The latest pause is widely expected to be short-lived, but many things can happen to extend the pause or even completely end the tightening cycle. While some markets show little distinction between a final pause and an interim one, most behave in a way that’s consistent with the economic backdrop.

This Leuthold Refresh updates our Factor Tilt analysis, an ongoing process to evaluate the attractiveness of commonly accepted investment styles. Factors are investment characteristics that have historically produced excess risk-adjusted returns, but relative results fluctuate over time.

After being ignored for a generation, Japanese stocks are roaring in 2023. The Nikkei puts the S&P 500’s 16.9% YTD gain to shame with its +28.7% return. With developed international equities (ex-Japan) up a paltry 9.5%, diversification from expensive U.S. stocks cannot fully explain Japan’s surge.

Read this week's Major Trend. 

Read the latest Major Trend Index.

The Fed’s June announcement of a pause with further rate hikes to come has extended the uncertainty of whether an inverted curve and persistent policy tightening will ultimately lead to a recession. The business cycle is a critical investment issue because the relative returns of many assets depend on the state of the macro economy. This study examines the Consumer Discretionary (CD) sector’s behavior in recessionary times, with the goal of understanding the typical performance pattern during economic lows in order to help investors position their portfolios for a potential recession.

Read this week's Major Trend. 

With the halfway point of 2023 two weeks away, the S&P 500 has broken out to a 12-month high. The index has accomplished that feat 32 times during the month of June—or exactly one-third of all cases measured back to 1928.